Filesystem 函数
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PHP手册

chown

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

chown — 改变文件的所有者

说明

bool chown ( string $filename , mixed $user )

尝试将文件 filename 的所有者改成用户 user（由用户名或用户 ID 指定）。只有超级用户可以改变文件的所有者。

成功时返回 TRUE， 或者在失败时返回 FALSE.

Note: 此函数不能作用于远程文件，被检查的文件必须是可通过服务器的文件系统访问的。

Note: 当启用 安全模式时， PHP 会检查被操作的文件或目录是否与被执行的脚本有相同的 UID（所有者）。

参见 chmod()。

参数

filename

Path to the file.

user

A user name or number.

返回值

成功时返回 TRUE， 或者在失败时返回 FALSE.

范例

Example #1 Simple chown() usage

<?php

// File name and username to use
$file_name= "foo.php";
$path = "/home/sites/php.net/public_html/sandbox/" . $file_name ;
$user_name = "root";

// Set the user
chown($path, $user_name);

// Check the result
$stat = stat($path);
print_r(posix_getpwuid($stat['uid']));

?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

Array
(
    [name] => root
    [passwd] => x
    [uid] => 0
    [gid] => 0
    [gecos] => root
    [dir] => /root
    [shell] => /bin/bash
)

注释

Note: 此函数不能作用于远程文件，被检查的文件必须是可通过服务器的文件系统访问的。

Note: 当启用 安全模式时， PHP 会检查被操作的文件或目录是否与被执行的脚本有相同的 UID（所有者）。

参见

Filesystem 函数
在线手册：中文 英文
PHP手册
PHP手册 - N: 改变文件的所有者

用户评论:

rickard at 0x539 dot se (18-Jun-2009 10:04)

For most modern Linux systems your apache user should not be run as root, and in order to change the ownership of a file or directory, you need to be root. To get around this problem you can use sudo, but be careful with what permissions you give. Here is an example which is working for me:

www-data        ALL = NOPASSWD: /bin/chown 1[1-9][0-9][0-9]\:1[1-9][0-9][0-9] /home/www/[a-zA-Z0-9]*

This allows the apache server to change ownership of files in /home/www with name containing a-z, A-Z or numbers (note: no subdirectories). The only valid input of userid is a four digit numeric id, between 1100 and 1999.

Hope this helps.

Mikevac at yahoo dot com (01-Feb-2008 07:42)

I've only tested this on Solaris 10 so your mileage may vary.

To allow the apache daemon to change file ownership without being root, add the following line to /etc/system:

set rstchown=0

Reboot the server.

There are security concerns doing this as this modification allows any user to change ownership of their files to anyone else.

Tayfun Bilsel (11-Jan-2006 04:13)

Simple usage of the chown:

<?php

$file_name= "test";
$path = "/var/www/html/test/" . $file_name ;

$user_name = "root";

chown($path, $user_name);

?>

Jens Vieler (23-May-2005 08:38)

for some reason i was searching for chown() with an "on this mashine"-unknown userid and found martijn's hint very interesting. the main problem is, that if the numerical uid is used within a variable, it is checked against the /etc/passwd and returns "unknown user". a little note:

use intval(), not inval()! so all in all it is:

   chown($path_to_dir,intval($uidnumber));

greg _at_ rhythmicdesign d.o.t com (24-Feb-2004 12:00)

<?php
function recurse_chown_chgrp($mypath, $uid, $gid)
{
    $d = opendir ($mypath) ;
    while(($file = readdir($d)) !== false) {
        if ($file != "." && $file != "..") {

            $typepath = $mypath . "/" . $file ;

            //print $typepath. " : " . filetype ($typepath). "<BR>" ;
            if (filetype ($typepath) == 'dir') {
                recurse_chown_chgrp ($typepath, $uid, $gid);
            }

            chown($typepath, $uid);
            chgrp($typepath, $gid);

        }
    }

 }

recurse_chown_chgrp ("uploads", "unsider", "unsider") ;
?>

for older versions.. unfortunately, it seems I do not have permission to perform these functions.

Richard Esplin (12-Oct-2003 04:49)

As far as I can tell, PHP's built in functions will not do a recursive chown or chgrp. But it wouldn't be hard to write a function for this. Here is some starter code based on an example written by John Coggeshall which I found at http://www.coggeshall.org :

<?php
function recurse_chown_chgrp($path2dir, $uid, $gid){
    $dir = new dir($path2dir);
    while(($file = $dir->read()) !== false) {
        if(is_dir($dir->path.$file)) {
            recurse_chown_chgrp($dir->path.$file, $uid, $gid);
        } else {
            chown($file, $uid);
            chgrp($file, $gid);
        }
    }
    $dir->close();
}
?>

I have not tested this code (but I think it will work) because for my current needs, a simple exec("chown -r $user.$group $path"); is sufficient. I would need this code if I were not in control of the contents of these variables because they can be dangerous on the command line.

Klaus Zierer (27-Jun-2003 04:37)

If you want to chown a symlink, PHP will follow the symlink and change the target file.

If you want to chown the symlink, you have to use shell_exec("/bin/chown user.group symlink");

martijn at sigterm dot nl (20-Jun-2003 03:28)

If chown is filled with a variable (  chown ("myfile", $uid) the uid will be looked up through pwget_uid.

So if you need to set a non existing uid use inval($uid).

njs+php at scifi dot squawk dot com (22-Sep-2000 07:28)

If you allow sudo execution for chmod by "nobody" (www, webdaemon, httpd, whatever user php is running under)in this manner, it had better be a system on which the owner is able to be root and no one else can run code, else your whole system is compromised.  Someone could change the mode of /etc/passwd or the shadow password file.

Other system commands (sudo mount) and so forth are similar.