Date/Time 函数
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strptime

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0)

strptime — 解析由 strftime() 生成的日期／时间

说明

array strptime ( string $date , string $format )

strptime() 返回一个将 date 解析后的数组，如果出错返回 FALSE。

月份和星期几的名字以及其它与语种有关的字符串对应于 setlocale()设定的当前区域（LC_TIME）。

参数

date（string）

被解析的字符串（例如从 strftime() 返回的）

format（string）

date 所使用的格式（例如同 strftime() 中所使用的相同）。

更多有关格式选项的信息见 strftime() 页面。

返回值

返回一个数组 或者在失败时返回 FALSE

数组中包含以下单元
键名 说明
tm_sec 当前分钟内的秒数（0-61）
tm_min 当前小时内的分钟数（0-59）
tm_hour 午夜起的小时数（0-23）
tm_mday 月份中的第几天（1-31）
tm_mon 自一月起过了几个月（0-11）
tm_year 自 1900 年起过了几年
tm_wday 自星期天起过了几天（0-6）
tm_yday 本年自一月一日起过了多少天（0-365）
unparsed date 中未能通过指定的 format 识别的部分

范例

Example #1 strptime() 例子

<?php
$format = '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S';
$strf = strftime($format);

echo "$strf\n";

print_r(strptime($strf, $format));
?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

03/10/2004 15:54:19

Array
(
    [tm_sec] => 19
    [tm_min] => 54
    [tm_hour] => 15
    [tm_mday] => 3
    [tm_mon] => 9
    [tm_year] => 104
    [tm_wday] => 0
    [tm_yday] => 276
    [unparsed] =>
)

注释

Note: 此函数未在 Windows 平台下实现。

Note:

Internally, this function calls the strptime() function provided by the system's C library. This function can exhibit noticeably different behaviour across different operating systems. The use of date_parse_from_format(), which does not suffer from these issues, is recommended on PHP 5.3.0 and later.

Note:

"tm_sec" includes any leap seconds (currently upto 2 a year). For more information on leap seconds, see the » Wikipedia article on leap seconds.

Note:

Prior to PHP 5.2.0, this function could return undefined behaviour. Notably, the "tm_sec", "tm_min" and "tm_hour" entries would return undefined values.

参见

Date/Time 函数
在线手册：中文 英文
PHP手册
PHP手册 - N: 解析由 strftime 生成的日期／时间

用户评论:

dice.the.hacker at gmail dot com (26-Jan-2012 06:59)

Faster then using regexp's strptime function implementation for Windows

function strptime($date, $format){
    $format=str_replace('%','',$format);
    $res = date_parse_from_format($format,$date);
    if($res['error_count']) return false;
    return array(
         "tm_sec"  => (int) $res['second'],
         "tm_min"  => (int) $res['minute'],
         "tm_hour" => (int) $res['hour'],
         "tm_mday" => (int) $res['day'],
         "tm_mon"  => (int) $res['month'],
         "tm_year" => (int) $res['year'],
    );
}

131 (21-Apr-2011 08:17)

Another portage for windows (from ex/yks toolkit)
<?php
//  public static
function strptime($date, $format) {
    $masks = array(
      '%d' => '(?P<d>[0-9]{2})',
      '%m' => '(?P<m>[0-9]{2})',
      '%Y' => '(?P<Y>[0-9]{4})',
      '%H' => '(?P<H>[0-9]{2})',
      '%M' => '(?P<M>[0-9]{2})',
      '%S' => '(?P<S>[0-9]{2})',
     // usw..
    );

    $rexep = "#".strtr(preg_quote($format), $masks)."#";
    if(!preg_match($rexep, $date, $out))
      return false;

    $ret = array(
      "tm_sec"  => (int) $out['S'],
      "tm_min"  => (int) $out['M'],
      "tm_hour" => (int) $out['H'],
      "tm_mday" => (int) $out['d'],
      "tm_mon"  => $out['m']?$out['m']-1:0,
      "tm_year" => $out['Y'] > 1900 ? $out['Y'] - 1900 : 0,
    );
    return $ret;
  }
?>

Gravis (03-Apr-2009 01:33)

If you are just looking to switch an existing time format into a mysql compatible format(like YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu) you should use STR_TO_DATE.
see: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html

However, if you have an old version of mysql (before 4.1), you may want to consider using a regex.  The example below doesnt have seconds because they arent used often if you are ripping data from a web page.  You will probably have to customize this to your needs.

==code== // for 24 hour times
<?php
  $before = "12/15/2005 15:47";\
  $after = preg_replace("/([0-9]{2})\/([0-9]{2})\/([0-9]{4}) ([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2})/", "$3$1$2$4$5", $before)."00.000000";

  echo "$before\n$after\n";
?>

==output==
  12/15/2005 15:47
  20051215154700.000000

.

If you are unlucky, you will need to be converting to the 24 hour format as well.
==code== // for 12 hour AM/PM times
<?php
  $before = "12/15/2005 03:47PM";
// note: you can use an anonymous function instead IF you have php 5
  function convert_time($m) { if($m[6]=="PM") { $m[4]+=12; } return $m[3].$m[1].$m[2].$m[4].$m[5]."00.000000"; }
  $after = preg_replace_callback("/([0-9]{2})\/([0-9]{2})\/([0-9]{4}) ([0-9]{2}):([0-9]{2})(AM|PM)/", "convert_time", $before);

  echo "$before\n$after\n";
?>

==output==
  12/15/2005 03:47PM
  20051215154700.000000

Quietust (27-Feb-2009 04:38)

On some systems, particularly those of BSD lineage (such as FreeBSD and MacOS X), the tm_wday and tm_yday fields are only initialized if requested explicitly (that is, if the %a/%A/%u/%w and %j formats are specified), while others such as Linux and Solaris will calculate them automatically.

Altar 2010 (24-Oct-2008 09:45)

If you want to parse a date or a /time in windows env, i re-write strptime function for windows.

I use the same param and i return the same think that the original one.
I use sscanf to parde the string.
Only some format can be parsed (%S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y)

See this page (because the function is too big for this notes)
http://sauron.lionel.free.fr/?page=php_lib_strptime

preview :
<?php
/**
 * Parse a time/date generated with strftime().
 *
 * This function is the same as the original one defined by PHP (Linux/Unix only),
 *  but now you can use it on Windows too.
 *  Limitation : Only this format can be parsed %S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y
 *
 * @author Lionel SAURON
 * @version 1.0
 * @public
 *
 * @param $sDate(string)    The string to parse (e.g. returned from strftime()).
 * @param $sFormat(string)  The format used in date  (e.g. the same as used in strftime()).
 * @return (array)          Returns an array with the <code>$sDate</code> parsed, or <code>false</code> on error.
 */
if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
{
    function strptime($sDate, $sFormat)
    {
        $aResult = array
        (
            'tm_sec'   => 0,
            'tm_min'   => 0,
            'tm_hour'  => 0,
            'tm_mday'  => 1,
            'tm_mon'   => 0,
            'tm_year'  => 0,
            'tm_wday'  => 0,
            'tm_yday'  => 0,
            'unparsed' => $sDate,
        );
       
        while($sFormat != "")
        {
            // ===== Search a %x element, Check the static string before the %x =====
            $nIdxFound = strpos($sFormat, '%');
            if($nIdxFound === false)
            {
               
                // There is no more format. Check the last static string.
                $aResult['unparsed'] = ($sFormat == $sDate) ? "" : $sDate;
                break;
            }
       
        .....
        .....
        .....
        .....
       
        // ===== Create the other value of the result array =====
        $nParsedDateTimestamp = mktime($aResult['tm_hour'], $aResult['tm_min'], $aResult['tm_sec'],
                                $aResult['tm_mon'] + 1, $aResult['tm_mday'], $aResult['tm_year'] + 1900);
       
        // Before PHP 5.1 return -1 when error
        if(($nParsedDateTimestamp === false)
        ||($nParsedDateTimestamp === -1)) return false;
       
        $aResult['tm_wday'] = (int) strftime("%w", $nParsedDateTimestamp); // Days since Sunday (0-6)
        $aResult['tm_yday'] = (strftime("%j", $nParsedDateTimestamp) - 1); // Days since January 1 (0-365)

        return $aResult;
    } // END of function
   
} // END if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
?>

firefox3107 at gmail dot com (24-Mar-2008 02:44)

For Windows user! It's rather the same as strptime!
It uses the previous function: but call strToTime($date, $format) to strToDate($date, $format) because this name is forgiven!

<?php
function strToDateTime($date, $format) {
    if(!($date = strToDate($date, $format))) return;
    $dateTime = array('sec' => 0, 'min' => 0, 'hour' => 0, 'day' => 0, 'mon' => 0, 'year' => 0, 'timestamp' => 0);
    foreach($date as $key => $val) {
        switch($key) {
            case 'd':
            case 'j': $dateTime['day'] = intval($val); break;
            case 'D': $dateTime['day'] = intval(date('j', $val)); break;
           
            case 'm':
            case 'n': $dateTime['mon'] = intval($val); break;
            case 'M': $dateTime['mon'] = intval(date('n', $val)); break;
           
            case 'Y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val); break;
            case 'y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val)+2000; break;
           
            case 'G':
            case 'g':
            case 'H':
            case 'h': $dateTime['hour'] = intval($val); break;
           
            case 'i': $dateTime['min'] = intval($val); break;
           
            case 's': $dateTime['sec'] = intval($val); break;
        }
    }
    $dateTime['timestamp'] = mktime($dateTime['hour'], $dateTime['min'], $dateTime['sec'], $dateTime['mon'], $dateTime['day'], $dateTime['year']);
    return $dateTime;
}
?>

P. (30-Jan-2008 12:19)

If strptime() fails to match all of the format string and therefore an error occurred the function returns NULL.

chad 0x40 herballure 0x2e com (15-Jun-2007 03:00)

The result of strptime() is not affected by the current timezone setting, even though strftime() is. Tested in PHP 5.1.6.

svenr at selfhtml dot org (23-Nov-2006 09:44)

If you need strptime but are restricted to a php version which does not support it (windows or before PHP 5), note that MySQL since Version 4.1.1 offers (almost?) the same functionality with the STR_TO_DATE function.

See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html

DT <pwadas at gazeta dot pl> (10-Aug-2006 08:55)

<?php
//This turns non-standard but often used "datetime" string
//like '20060810084251' into nice formatted date
//'Thursday, 10 August 2006 08:42:51 CEST'
//note, that strptime returns day of year counting from 0, so
//you need to put 1 as month number to get appropriate
//month for the daycount. for 2006 strptime for unknown
//reason returns 106, so I simply add 1900

$informat = '%Y%m%d%H%M%S';
$outformat =  '%A, %d %B %Y %T %Z';
$ftime = strptime("20060810084251",$informat);
$unxTimestamp = mktime(
                    $ftime['tm_hour'],
                    $ftime['tm_min'],
                    $ftime['tm_sec'],
                    1 ,
                    $ftime['tm_yday'] + 1,
                   $ftime['tm_year'] + 1900
                 );
//setlocale(LC_TIME,'pl_PL');
echo strftime($outformat , $unxTimestamp );
?>

jojyjob at gmail dot com (13-May-2006 08:18)

/***Finding the days of a week ***/

<?php

$out = pre(); 
$outpre=nextweek();
$td=date("Y-m-d");
$result = array_reverse($outpre);
//print_r($result);
array_push($result,$td);
$newarray = array_merge($result,$out);

  foreach($newarray as $date1){
    echo $date1;
    echo "<br>";
 }

//print_r($out);
//print_r($newarray);

function pre() 
{
$monP=0;
$tueP=1;
$wedP=2;
$thuP=3;
$friP=4;
$satP=5;
$sunP=6;
 
$td=date("Y-m-d");  
//echo $td;
$tdname=date("l"); 
  switch($tdname)
  {
   case "Monday":
       $rep=$monP;
       break;
   case "Tuesday":
       $rep=$tueP;
       break;
   case "Wednesday":
       $rep=$wedP;
       break;
   case "Thursday":
       $rep=$thuP;
       break;
   case "Friday":
       $rep=$friP;
       break;
   case "Saturday":
       $rep=$satP;      
       break;
   case "Sunday":
       $rep=$sunP;      
       break;      
   default:
       echo "Sorry";      
  }

 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td;  /* the starting date */
//$rep = 12;  /* number of future dates to display */
$nod = 1;  /* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0;  /* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0;  /* number of years in the future to increment the date */
$precon=future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy);
return $precon;
}
function future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 $pre = array();
  while ($rep >= 1) {
    $datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
    $datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
    $datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
    $fda=$datdd - $nod;
    $fmo=$datmm - $nom;
    $fyr=$datyy -$noy;
    $dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>";
    array_push($pre,$dat1);
    //echo $dat1;
    $datstart=$dat1;
    $rep--;
  }
  return $pre;
}

function nextweek()
{
$monN=6;
$tueN=5;
$wedN=4;
$thuN=3;
$friN=2;
$satN=1;
$sunN=0;

$td=date("Y-m-d");  
$tdname=date("l"); 
  switch($tdname)
  {
   case "Monday":
       $rep=$monN;
       break;
   case "Tuesday":
       $rep=$tueN;
       break;
   case "Wednesday":
       $rep=$wedN;
       break;
   case "Thursday":
       $rep=$thuN;
       break;
   case "Friday":
       $rep=$friN;
       break;
   case "Saturday":
       $rep=$satN;      
       break;
   case "Sunday":
       $rep=$sunN;      
       break;      
   default:
       echo "Sorry";      
  }

 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td;  /* the starting date */
//$rep = 12;  /* number of future dates to display */
$nod = 1;  /* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0;  /* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0;  /* number of years in the future to increment the date */

$con = future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy);
return $con;
}

function future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 $pre = array();
  while ($rep >= 1) {
    $datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
    $datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
    $datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
    $fda=$datdd + $nod;
    $fmo=$datmm + $nom;
    $fyr=$datyy + $noy;
    $dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>";
    array_push($pre,$dat1);
    //echo $dat1;
    $datstart=$dat1;
    $rep--;
  }
  return $pre;
}

?>

Malte Starostik (27-Mar-2006 06:45)

It says "Parse a time/date generated with strftime()" but that's not entirely correct -- While strptime("2006131", "%Y%W%u") works as expected, strptime("2006131", "%G%V%u") returns false instead of reversing the equivalent - and unambiguous - strftime() usage.  I suspect that's because glibc doesn't support that.  Anyway, this docu page fails to mention that apparently not all format components supported by strftime() can be used with strptime().